The Truth About Polybutylene Piping: Why It Failed and What to Use Instead

For decades, plumbing materials have evolved to provide homeowners and businesses with reliable, long-lasting water delivery systems. One such material, polybutylene (PB) piping, was widely used from the 1970s to the 1990s due to its affordability and ease of installation. However, it was later discovered that PB piping had significant durability issues, leading to system failures and costly repairs. In this blog, All Things Plumbing explores the history of polybutylene, why it failed, and which modern alternatives are better suited for water distribution systems.

What Is Polybutylene?

Polybutylene is a type of plastic resin that was introduced in the 1970s as a cheaper and easier-to-install alternative to traditional copper piping. PB pipes were commonly used in residential plumbing systems, particularly in the southern and western United States, where installation boomed due to their flexibility and resistance to freezing temperatures.

PB piping was marketed as the future of plumbing, offering a cost-effective solution that eliminated some of the challenges associated with metal pipes. It was lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and required fewer fittings, making installation faster and cheaper.

Why Polybutylene Piping Failed

Despite its early promise, PB piping quickly gained a reputation for failure, leading to numerous lawsuits and its eventual discontinuation. The primary issues with polybutylene piping include:

1. Chemical Reactions with Water Treatment Chemicals
   One of the biggest downfalls of PB piping was its reaction with chlorine and other disinfectants found in municipal water supplies. Over time, these chemicals caused the interior walls of PB pipes to become brittle and prone to cracking, leading to unexpected failures.

2. Micro-Fracturing and Leaks
   As PB pipes aged, they developed microscopic fractures that weakened the overall integrity of the plumbing system. These fractures often led to small leaks that, if undetected, could result in extensive water damage over time.

3. Poor Fittings and Connections
   Many PB plumbing systems were connected using acetal plastic or metal crimp fittings. The fittings themselves were prone to failure, particularly under high water pressure. This caused widespread leaks and, in some cases, complete system failures.

4. Class-Action Lawsuits and Discontinuation
   Due to the high failure rate of PB piping, numerous homeowners faced expensive repairs and water damage. This led to several class-action lawsuits, including Cox v. Shell Oil Co., which resulted in a settlement fund to help affected homeowners replace their PB plumbing. By the mid-1990s, polybutylene piping was no longer used in new construction, and it has since been recommended for replacement in existing homes.

Signs of Polybutylene Plumbing in a Home

If you suspect your home or business may have PB piping, look for the following indicators:

• Gray, blue, or black plastic pipes, typically ½” to 1” in diameter.

• Stamped with “PB2110” along the pipe surface.

• Commonly found in basements, near water heaters, or under sinks.

• Used in homes built between the late 1970s and mid-1990s.

If you discover PB piping, it is highly recommended to replace it before it leads to a costly plumbing disaster. All Things Plumbing can help assess and replace outdated piping systems to prevent future failures.

Best Alternatives to Polybutylene Piping

Fortunately, there are several modern alternatives to PB piping that offer superior durability and performance:

1. PEX (Cross-Linked Polyethylene)
   PEX is one of the most popular and reliable plumbing materials available today. It is highly flexible, resistant to chlorine and scale buildup, and has a long lifespan. Additionally, PEX requires fewer fittings, reducing the risk of leaks.

2. Copper Piping
   Copper has been a staple in plumbing for decades due to its durability, resistance to corrosion, and ability to withstand high pressures. While more expensive than PEX, copper is an excellent choice for homeowners looking for long-term reliability.

3. CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride)
   CPVC is a rigid plastic alternative that is more resistant to chlorine and heat than PB. It is often used in hot and cold water supply lines and offers a cost-effective solution for plumbing systems.

4. HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene)
   HDPE is commonly used for underground water lines and municipal applications. It is highly durable, resistant to chemicals, and offers excellent longevity.

Should You Replace Polybutylene Piping?

If your home or business still has PB piping, replacing it as soon as possible is highly recommended. Insurance companies may refuse coverage or increase premiums for homes with PB pipes due to their high risk of failure. Additionally, many homebuyers are hesitant to purchase properties with PB plumbing, which can negatively impact resale value.

All Things Plumbing specializes in replacing outdated PB piping with modern, reliable alternatives. A professional plumber from our team can inspect your plumbing system and recommend the best replacement option based on your needs and budget.

Conclusion

Polybutylene piping was once seen as the future of plumbing but has since proven to be an unreliable and costly material. Due to its susceptibility to chlorine degradation, leaks, and system failures, PB piping is no longer in use and should be replaced in homes and businesses that still have it. Modern alternatives like PEX, copper, CPVC, and HDPE offer far superior durability and performance, ensuring a safe and efficient water delivery system for years to come.

If you suspect you have PB piping or need assistance with a plumbing upgrade, don’t hesitate to contact All Things Plumbing. Our expert team can assess your system and provide the best solutions to keep your plumbing secure and efficient.

Deciding Between Water Heater Repair and Replacement

If your water heater isn’t functioning properly, it can be a major inconvenience. Whether it’s leaking, not heating water consistently, or failing to meet the hot water demands of your household, deciding whether to repair or replace your water heater is essential. Making the right decision now can save you from frustration, unexpected expenses, and even water damage in the future. Here’s a thorough guide to help you determine the best course of action for your home:

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Signs Your Water Heater Might Need Repairs

Many water heater issues don’t require a full replacement. Some problems can be addressed with repairs or simple maintenance, which can extend the life of your unit. Here are some common issues that can usually be repaired:

• Fluctuating Water Temperature: If your water temperature is inconsistent—sometimes it’s fine, other times it’s too hot or cold—this could be caused by a faulty thermostat or heating element. These parts are often repairable without the need to replace the entire unit.

• Strange Noises: If you hear rumbling, popping, or crackling sounds from your water heater, this could indicate sediment buildup in the tank. Flushing the tank can remove the sediment and improve performance.

• Mechanical Failure: Over time, key components inside a water heater can wear out, leading to performance issues. Heating elements in electric models may burn out, while gas models can experience problems with the thermocouple or gas control valve. Both types may develop mechanical sediment damage, reducing efficiency, or causing an anode rod to fail, which accelerates tank corrosion. A faulty pressure relief valve or worn-out dip tube can also affect water temperature and heating capabilities.

How Age Affects Your Decision

One of the most critical factors in deciding whether to repair or replace your water heater is its age. Electric water heaters typically last 10–15 years, while gas models have a lifespan of 8–12 years. If your unit is near or past this age, repairs may be a temporary fix, and replacement might be more cost-effective. Older models also tend to be less energy-efficient, meaning your utility bills will likely rise over time.

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Common Repairs vs. Replacement

• Minor Repairs: If your water heater is under 10 years old, common issues like fluctuating temperature or sediment buildup can usually be addressed with minor repairs. These fixes are relatively inexpensive compared to replacing the whole unit.

• Major Issues: If the tank is leaking or if there’s significant rust or corrosion, the unit may need replacing. Unfortunately, these issues are often not fixable and require a new water heater.

At All Things Plumbing, we’ll accurately diagnose your water heater’s issues, suggest the best solution, and perform the necessary repairs with efficiency. If a replacement is the best option, we’ll walk you through the process to help you choose the best water heater for your needs and budget.

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When It’s Time to Replace Your Water Heater

There are certain situations where replacing your water heater is not just the best option—it’s the only option. These include:

• Old Age: If your water heater is over 10 years old and is constantly breaking down, investing in repairs may not make sense. Newer models are more energy-efficient, saving you money on utility bills over time.

• Frequent Repairs: Constant repairs are a red flag that your water heater is nearing the end of its useful life. If the cost of repairs is adding up, replacing it could be a more financially responsible choice.

• Rusted Tank: Rust is a major sign that your water heater needs replacing. If you notice rust on the tank itself or if your hot water is coming out brown or reddish, it’s a clear indication that the inside of the tank is corroding, and the unit should be replaced.

• Declining Performance: If your water heater is struggling to heat water or it takes longer than usual to get hot, it might be time to replace it. This is especially true if there’s a noticeable increase in your energy bills due to inefficiency.

• Leaking Tank: A leak coming from the tank is a serious concern. Tank leaks usually mean the unit has reached the end of its life and should be replaced quickly before it causes water damage to your home.

Choosing Between Repair and Replacement

When making your decision, here are several factors to consider to ensure you're making the right choice for both your budget and your home’s long-term comfort:

1. Cost of Repair vs. Cost of New Unit
   If the repair costs are more than 50% of the price of a new unit, it’s often better to invest in a replacement. This is especially true if your unit is nearing the end of its lifespan.

2. Energy Efficiency
   Older water heaters tend to be less efficient and can cost you more in monthly utility bills. Upgrading to an energy-efficient model could save you money in the long run. We can help you choose a model that offers excellent energy savings.

3. Water Heater Type
   Replacing your water heater gives you the opportunity to switch from a traditional tank model to a more efficient tankless system. Tankless water heaters heat water on demand, saving space and eliminating standby energy loss.

4. Proactive vs. Emergency Replacement
   If your unit is approaching the end of its life, proactively replacing it will save you from the hassle of being without hot water while waiting for an emergency replacement. It also helps prevent potential water damage caused by leaks.

5. Long-Term Goals
   Whether you plan to stay in your home long-term or sell soon, installing a new water heater can increase the value of your home and improve its energy efficiency.

Final Thoughts

Deciding whether to repair or replace your water heater depends on several factors, including age, condition, and how often it's been repaired. If you’re uncertain, reaching out to All Things Plumbing can help you make the right decision based on your situation. We’re committed to providing you with the best advice, service, and solutions to keep your home comfortable and your water heater in top working order. Call Us Today!

Winter Maintenance Tips for Your Water Heater

Idaho winters can be brutal for hot water delivery systems—frigid temperatures can make simple tasks like washing dishes or taking a shower unbearable without reliable hot water. Add in hard water conditions and it creates an environment that really puts hot water heaters to the test. A properly functioning water heater isn’t just a luxury during the colder months; it’s a necessity. However, winter’s increased demand on your water heater can take its toll, especially if routine maintenance has been overlooked.

At All Things Plumbing, we understand how vital hot water is to your comfort and daily life. By taking proactive steps to maintain your water heater, you can avoid unexpected breakdowns, reduce energy costs, and ensure your family stays warm and comfortable all season long. Whether you’re noticing small issues like lukewarm water or just want to stay ahead of potential problems, this guide will walk you through the essential steps to keep your water heater performing at its best during Idaho’s harsh winters.

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Here’s how to keep your water heater running smoothly:

1. Flush the Tank to Remove Sediment

Mineral deposits from Idaho’s hard water are a common culprit of inefficiency. Flushing the tank removes sediment, improves efficiency, and extends the life of your water heater. All Things Plumbing can perform this service quickly and professionally.

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2. Check and Adjust the Temperature

To balance comfort and safety, your water heater should be set to 120°F. This prevents scalding and reduces energy costs. If you’re traveling this winter, use your heater’s “vacation mode” to save energy and protect it from freezing.

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3. Inspect for Leaks or Loose Connections

A thorough inspection of pipes and connections can catch leaks or corrosion before they become major problems. Trust All Things Plumbing to ensure every connection is secure.

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4. Test the Pressure Relief Valve

This critical safety feature prevents dangerous pressure buildup inside your tank. Regular testing ensures it functions correctly, and if it’s faulty, All Things Plumbing can replace it for you.

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Why Routine Professional Maintenance Matters

Annual maintenance performed by plumbing professionals is essential for your water heater’s efficiency and longevity. At All Things Plumbing, we provide comprehensive maintenance services to prepare your system for Idaho’s coldest months.

Here’s what you can expect during a professional maintenance visit:

• Flushing the tank to remove sediment buildup.

• Inspecting the tank and connections for wear or corrosion.

• Testing the pressure relief valve.

• Assessing heating elements and thermostat settings for optimal efficiency.

Our skilled team will ensure your water heater is prepared to handle the increased demand of winter.

Upgrade to an Energy-Efficient Water Heater

If your water heater is aging or struggling to keep up, it might be time for an upgrade. Idaho homeowners can take advantage of local rebates and incentives for energy-efficient models.

Latest Energy-Efficient Options

• Tankless Water Heaters: Heat water on demand for endless hot water and reduced energy loss. Explore Bradford White’s Infiniti® and KwickShot® tankless water heaters.

• Heat Pump Water Heaters: Use advanced technology to heat water more efficiently than traditional electric models. Learn about the benefits of Bradford White heat pump water heaters.

Tips for a Smooth Upgrade

• Check for local rebates or incentives for upgrading to energy-efficient units. Visit Bradford White’s Rebate Center to see what’s available in Idaho.

• Consult All Things Plumbing to ensure proper installation and compatibility with your household’s water usage needs.

Why Idaho Trusts All Things Plumbing

With years of experience serving Idaho’s communities, All Things Plumbing is your go-to source for water heater maintenance, repairs, and upgrades. We understand the unique challenges of Idaho’s water and weather, and we’re here to provide dependable solutions tailored to your needs.

Schedule Your Maintenance or Upgrade Today

Don’t let water heater problems ruin your winter. Contact All Things Plumbing today or submit a request to schedule a maintenance visit or consultation for an energy-efficient upgrade. Let us help you enjoy consistent hot water, lower energy costs, and peace of mind this winter season.

Bradford White vs. A.O. Smith: A Water Heater Comparison

When it’s time to replace your water heater, choosing the right brand can feel overwhelming. At All Things Plumbing, we’ve worked with countless water heaters in homes and businesses across Boise and Meridian. Two brands we often recommend to our clients are Bradford White and A.O. Smith. While both are trusted names in the industry, they each bring unique benefits to the table.

In this blog, we’ll break down the key differences between these two brands to help you make an informed decision.

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1. Reliability and Durability

• Bradford White: Known for its commitment to quality, Bradford White designs its water heaters with longevity in mind. Many models are equipped with features like advanced corrosion-resistant tanks and self-cleaning mechanisms, making them a great choice for hard water areas (like many parts of Idaho).

• A.O. Smith: A.O. Smith water heaters are also built to last and are particularly popular for their innovation in energy efficiency. They offer a wide variety of models that balance performance and cost-effectiveness.

Verdict: If durability is your top priority, Bradford White is often the go-to choice, especially in areas with challenging water conditions.

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2. Energy Efficiency

• Bradford White: The company has several energy-efficient models, including tankless and hybrid water heaters. Many of their products are ENERGY STAR® certified, helping homeowners save on utility bills while reducing their carbon footprint.

• A.O. Smith: A.O. Smith excels in energy-efficient technology, with a focus on eco-friendly options. Their ProLine® series offers models specifically designed for high efficiency, including heat pump water heaters that are ideal for environmentally conscious homeowners.

Verdict: If energy savings are a priority, A.O. Smith has a slight edge with more high-efficiency models across a broader price range.

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3. Cost and Warranty

• Bradford White: These water heaters are typically priced at a premium, but the upfront cost is often justified by their superior durability. Bradford White water heaters are only sold through professional plumbers, ensuring proper installation. They also come with a limited warranty that covers essential components.

• A.O. Smith: A.O. Smith water heaters are more widely available and often slightly more affordable upfront. They offer various warranty options, and their models are generally easy to find at local retailers.

Verdict: If you’re looking for affordability and flexible purchasing options, A.O. Smith may be a better fit. However, Bradford White’s professional-only approach often translates to higher installation quality and fewer issues down the line.

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4. Product Range and Features

• Bradford White: With a focus on professional-grade water heaters, Bradford White’s lineup includes everything from traditional tank water heaters to innovative tankless models. Their ICON System™ offers advanced temperature control and diagnostics.

• A.O. Smith: A.O. Smith has an impressive range of options, including residential and commercial models. They also lead in heat pump technology and solar water heaters, making them a great choice for homeowners looking to go green.

Verdict: Both brands offer excellent product ranges, but A.O. Smith’s variety might appeal more to those exploring cutting-edge technology or alternative energy solutions.

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5. Ideal Applications

• Bradford White: Best for homeowners who value professional installation, long-term durability, and reliable performance.

• A.O. Smith: Perfect for those seeking cost-effective, energy-efficient solutions with a variety of purchasing options.

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Our Recommendation

At All Things Plumbing, we believe that both Bradford White and A.O. Smith are excellent choices, but the right water heater for you depends on your specific needs. If you’re unsure which brand is the best fit, our licensed plumbers can assess your home’s water usage, your budget, and your long-term goals to guide you in the right direction.

Schedule Your Water Heater Consultation Today

Whether you’re replacing an old unit or upgrading to a more energy-efficient model, All Things Plumbing is here to help. We’ll handle everything from expert recommendations to professional installation, ensuring you get reliable hot water for years to come.

Contact us today to schedule your consultation or learn more about our water heater services.